{
  "crds_version": "0.1",
  "kind": "base",
  "id": "crds:cve-2025-27920",
  "revision": 1,
  "title": "Srimax Output Messenger — directory traversal reads config",
  "summary": "Output Messenger before 2.0.63 mishandles file paths, so parameters carrying traversal sequences reach files outside the intended directory and leak configuration. A state-linked group used it as a zero-day.",
  "source_type": "cve",
  "severity": "high",
  "cvss": {
    "score": 8.8,
    "vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
    "version": "3.1"
  },
  "epss": 0.01855,
  "exploitation": {
    "known_exploited": true,
    "exploit_available": false,
    "attack_complexity": "low",
    "kev_added": "2025-05-19",
    "prerequisites": "Network access to the messaging server; no credentials needed."
  },
  "remediation": {
    "patch_available": true,
    "fixed_in": [
      "Output Messenger 2.0.63"
    ]
  },
  "kill_chain": "collection",
  "recommended_action": "Upgrade Output Messenger to 2.0.63 or later now; it ran as a zero-day for espionage, so rotate whatever that configuration held.",
  "confidence": "high",
  "provenance": [
    {
      "fields": [
        "cvss",
        "exploitation.attack_complexity",
        "exploitation.exploit_available",
        "references",
        "published_at"
      ],
      "source": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27920",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-24T12:03:01.274Z",
      "confidence": "high",
      "extractor": "scrty-crds-pipeline/0.1"
    },
    {
      "fields": [
        "exploitation.known_exploited",
        "exploitation.kev_added"
      ],
      "source": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-24T12:03:01.274Z",
      "confidence": "high",
      "extractor": "scrty-crds-pipeline/0.1"
    },
    {
      "fields": [
        "epss"
      ],
      "source": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2025-27920",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-24T12:03:01.274Z",
      "confidence": "high",
      "extractor": "scrty-crds-pipeline/0.1"
    },
    {
      "fields": [
        "title",
        "summary",
        "severity",
        "remediation",
        "mitre_attack",
        "kill_chain",
        "recommended_action",
        "confidence",
        "tags",
        "exploitation.prerequisites"
      ],
      "source": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27920",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-24T12:03:01.274Z",
      "confidence": "high",
      "extractor": "claude-code"
    }
  ],
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "cve",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27920",
      "label": "NVD record"
    },
    {
      "type": "cisa",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "label": "CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog"
    },
    {
      "type": "vendor_advisory",
      "url": "https://www.outputmessenger.com/cve-2025-27920/"
    },
    {
      "type": "vendor_advisory",
      "url": "https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/security/blog/2025/05/12/marbled-dust-leverages-zero-day-in-output-messenger-for-regional-espionage/"
    }
  ],
  "published_at": "2025-05-05T16:15:50.857Z",
  "issued_at": "2026-09-24T12:03:01.274Z",
  "tags": [
    "srimax",
    "output-messenger",
    "path-traversal",
    "zero-day",
    "kev"
  ]
}