{
  "crds_version": "0.1",
  "kind": "base",
  "id": "crds:cve-2024-4978",
  "revision": 1,
  "title": "JAVS Viewer — a backdoor shipped inside the installer",
  "summary": "The courtroom recording viewer (JAVS) shipped an installer carrying a tampered binary signed with an unexpected certificate. Running the installer opens a channel to the attacker's server and executes commands on the machine.",
  "source_type": "cve",
  "severity": "high",
  "cvss": {
    "score": 8.4,
    "vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
    "version": "3.1"
  },
  "epss": 0.26937,
  "exploitation": {
    "known_exploited": true,
    "exploit_available": true,
    "attack_complexity": "low",
    "kev_added": "2024-05-29",
    "prerequisites": "The affected installer build must have been downloaded and run."
  },
  "remediation": {
    "patch_available": true
  },
  "mitre_attack": [
    "T1195.002"
  ],
  "kill_chain": "initial_access",
  "recommended_action": "Rebuild any machine that ran the affected installer rather than cleaning it, reset the credentials used there, and reinstall only from a freshly downloaded, verified package.",
  "confidence": "medium",
  "provenance": [
    {
      "fields": [
        "cvss",
        "exploitation.attack_complexity",
        "exploitation.exploit_available",
        "references",
        "published_at"
      ],
      "source": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4978",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-24T12:52:19.575Z",
      "confidence": "high",
      "extractor": "scrty-crds-pipeline/0.1"
    },
    {
      "fields": [
        "exploitation.known_exploited",
        "exploitation.kev_added"
      ],
      "source": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-24T12:52:19.575Z",
      "confidence": "high",
      "extractor": "scrty-crds-pipeline/0.1"
    },
    {
      "fields": [
        "epss"
      ],
      "source": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2024-4978",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-24T12:52:19.575Z",
      "confidence": "high",
      "extractor": "scrty-crds-pipeline/0.1"
    },
    {
      "fields": [
        "title",
        "summary",
        "severity",
        "remediation",
        "mitre_attack",
        "kill_chain",
        "recommended_action",
        "confidence",
        "tags",
        "exploitation.prerequisites"
      ],
      "source": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4978",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-09-24T12:52:19.575Z",
      "confidence": "high",
      "extractor": "claude-code"
    }
  ],
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "cve",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4978",
      "label": "NVD record"
    },
    {
      "type": "cisa",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "label": "CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog"
    },
    {
      "type": "exploit",
      "url": "https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2024/05/23/cve-2024-4978-backdoored-justice-av-solutions-viewer-software-used-in-apparent-supply-chain-attack/"
    },
    {
      "type": "writeup",
      "url": "https://twitter.com/2RunJack2/status/1775052981966377148"
    }
  ],
  "published_at": "2024-05-23T02:15:09.257Z",
  "issued_at": "2026-09-24T12:52:19.575Z",
  "tags": [
    "javs",
    "supply-chain",
    "backdoor",
    "installer",
    "courtroom",
    "kev"
  ]
}