{
  "crds_version": "0.1",
  "kind": "base",
  "id": "crds:cve-2023-1389",
  "revision": 1,
  "title": "TP-Link Archer AX21 — Unauthenticated Root Command Injection",
  "summary": "The web management interface of a popular home router (TP-Link Archer AX21) passes the country field of a setup request straight into a shell call, so an attacker on the same network runs commands as root with one unauthenticated request.",
  "source_type": "cve",
  "severity": "high",
  "cvss": {
    "score": 8.8,
    "vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
    "version": "3.1"
  },
  "epss": 0.99999,
  "exploitation": {
    "known_exploited": true,
    "exploit_available": true,
    "attack_complexity": "low",
    "kev_added": "2023-05-01",
    "prerequisites": "Reachability of the router's web management interface from an adjacent network. No credentials needed."
  },
  "remediation": {
    "patch_available": true,
    "fixed_in": [
      "TP-Link Archer AX21 firmware 1.1.4 Build 20230219"
    ]
  },
  "mitre_attack": [
    "T1190",
    "T1059"
  ],
  "kill_chain": "initial_access",
  "recommended_action": "Update Archer AX21 firmware to 1.1.4 Build 20230219 or later; until then keep the router's management interface off any untrusted network.",
  "confidence": "high",
  "provenance": [
    {
      "fields": [
        "title",
        "summary",
        "cvss",
        "severity",
        "exploitation.attack_complexity",
        "exploitation.prerequisites",
        "exploitation.exploit_available",
        "remediation",
        "recommended_action",
        "references"
      ],
      "source": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1389",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-08-07T07:53:55.549Z",
      "confidence": "high",
      "extractor": "claude-code"
    },
    {
      "fields": [
        "exploitation.known_exploited"
      ],
      "source": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-08-07T07:53:55.549Z",
      "confidence": "high",
      "extractor": "claude-code"
    },
    {
      "fields": [
        "epss"
      ],
      "source": "https://api.first.org/data/v1/epss?cve=CVE-2023-1389",
      "retrieved_at": "2026-08-07T07:53:55.549Z",
      "confidence": "high",
      "extractor": "claude-code"
    }
  ],
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "cve",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1389",
      "label": "NVD record"
    },
    {
      "type": "writeup",
      "url": "https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2023-11",
      "label": "Tenable research write-up"
    },
    {
      "type": "exploit",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/174131/TP-Link-Archer-AX21-Command-Injection.html",
      "label": "Public command injection exploit"
    },
    {
      "type": "cisa",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2023-1389",
      "label": "CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities entry"
    }
  ],
  "published_at": "2023-03-15T23:15:09.403Z",
  "issued_at": "2026-08-07T07:53:55.549Z",
  "tags": [
    "tp-link",
    "archer-ax21",
    "router",
    "iot",
    "command-injection",
    "kev"
  ]
}